{"id":46072,"date":"2024-08-16T00:01:01","date_gmt":"2024-08-16T04:01:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/theicct.org\/?p=46072"},"modified":"2024-08-19T08:20:58","modified_gmt":"2024-08-19T12:20:58","slug":"brazil-charts-a-course-for-a-clean-maritime-future-with-a-pivotal-seminar-aug24","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/theicct.org\/brazil-charts-a-course-for-a-clean-maritime-future-with-a-pivotal-seminar-aug24\/","title":{"rendered":"Brazil charts a course for a clean maritime future with a pivotal seminar"},"content":{"rendered":"[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ specialty=”on” _builder_version=”4.22.1″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ specialty_columns=”3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=”4.22.1″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”|||-80px|false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|||0px|false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.22.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#36424A” text_line_height=”1.8em” custom_margin=”||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”]\n

The Energy Transition in the Sea<\/span><\/a> seminar held in Rio de Janeiro in late April<\/span><\/a> marked a major step forward in plans to decarbonize Brazil\u2019s maritime sector. The organizers, led by Ilques Barbosa Junior, an Admiral of the Fleet, presented a proposal for the Brazilian Maritime National Action Plan (BMNAP). The plan is expected to guide investments in ship propulsion technology, alternative marine fuels, and port infrastructure, and it also calls for supporting policy frameworks to implement a roadmap for maritime decarbonization.<\/p>\n

The proposal is being reviewed and is set to be discussed during a public audience in the Federal Senate on August 22. When the BMNAP is finalized and presented to the International Maritime Organization (IMO)\u2019s Marine Environment Protection Committee, which convenes in late September 2024, it will help solidify Brazil\u2019s commitment on the international stage.<\/p>\n

Before the seminar, the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) published a paper highlighting the value of a National Action Plan<\/span><\/a> in Brazil to guide investments and foster policies that support a clean maritime industry. It highlighted the importance of adopting renewable fuels and improving the fuel efficiency of the existing fleet, and both are well reflected in the BMNAP proposal. Our paper also highlighted the potential of cross-industry collaborations, including those with ports.<\/p>\n

At the seminar, IMO Secretary General Arsenio Antonio Dominguez Velasco<\/span><\/a> referenced insights from an ICCT study about the life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions of hydrogen<\/span><\/a> in Brazil during his keynote speech. This and other papers by the ICCT have illuminated the need to apply robust life-cycle assessment methodology<\/span><\/a> when assessing the sustainability of alternative marine fuels. Doing so helps provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential of biofuels<\/span><\/a> because it takes account of the associated indirect land-use change (ILUC) emissions.<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”image” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”]\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"IMO Secretary General Arsenio Antonio Dominguez Velasco gave the keynote speech and highlighted Figure 4 from a study published by the ICCT<\/a> in 2023.
Photo by Francielle Carvalho<\/span><\/center><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_line_height=”1.8em” global_colors_info=”{}”]\n

The ICCT has been conducting various route-level techno-economic analyses to test the feasibility of adopting different fuel and propulsion technologies on ships. These can help industry leaders prioritize investment. Indeed, seminar participants highlighted the challenge of prioritizing investment due to the uncertainties surrounding fuel technology and economic viability.<\/p>\n

\n

Here we\u2019ll present a brief case study of the Cape Jasmine<\/i><\/span><\/a>, a bulk carrier transporting iron ore. We chose to analyze a long, vital shipping route from Porto de A\u00e7u, Brazil (A\u00c7U) to Qingdao, China (QDG) with substantial energy demands. By analyzing satellite ship movement data from 2023, we constructed a hypothetical future voyage of this vessel, which has substantial cargo capacity (length overall: 292 m; breadth: 45 m; depth: 24.8 m; draught: 18.32 m). The Systematic Assessment of Vessel Emissions (SAVE)<\/span><\/a> model was used to estimate the energy demands of the route, and that came out to approximately 15 GWh for the round trip of about 20,000 nm. That\u2019s equivalent to the annual residential electricity power consumption of 19,230 inhabitants in southeastern Brazil<\/span><\/a> in 2020.<\/p>\n

\n

Leveraging a methodology we\u2019ve used before<\/span><\/a>, the analysis shows that using liquid hydrogen as fuel would require two additional refueling stops to complete the voyage (one way). In contrast, ammonia and methanol could power the one-way voyage without any additional stops (Table 1). To explore the cost of the alternative fuels, we relied on a previous ICCT study<\/span><\/a> that quantitatively compared the cost of marine fuels made through various pathways. To be clear, we only compared the cost of fuel for pathways that use renewable electricity and captured carbon dioxide as feedstock. By 2030, the cost of supplying alternative marine fuels to ship iron ore between A\u00c7U and QDG would be similar for renewable hydrogen, renewable ammonia, and renewable methanol, and for all it would be more than three times higher than the fossil fuel counterpart on an energy-equivalent basis.<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_line_height=”1.8em” global_colors_info=”{}”]\n

Table<\/strong>. Estimated volume and cost of fuel required by Cape Jasmine<\/em> along the A\u00c7U\u2013QDG corridor for a hypothetical one-way voyage if using alternative marine fuels<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Type of fuel<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Volume of fuel required (m<\/b>3<\/sup><\/b><\/span>)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Number of refueling stops needed<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

At-the-pump cost<\/b><\/a><\/span> by 2030 ($\/MJ)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Per-voyage cost of fuel by 2030 (million $)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Heavy fuel oil<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,700<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.0170<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.91<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Hydrogen<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12,000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.0570<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3.04<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Ammonia<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5,600<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.0569<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3.03<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Methanol<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4,100<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.0562<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3.00<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Note: All costs are in 2021 U.S. dollars.<\/i><\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_line_height=”1.8em” global_colors_info=”{}”]With liquid hydrogen, there are practical limitations around storage that would necessitate modifications to a ship before it could be used as the main fuel. Additionally, although methanol and ammonia have the potential to fuel long-haul voyages without the need for more frequent refueling stops, their inherent toxicity and the need for significant ship modifications present challenges. As shown in the case study above, the cost is also a challenge for all three types of renewable alternative fuels. <\/p>\n

A key aspect of unlocking a transition to clean energy is synergy across the maritime industry. That means collaboration among cargo owners, ship operators, ports, fuel providers, shipbuilders, and others. With BMNAP nearing completion, Brazil is poised to demonstrate not only leadership in such collaboration but also its commitment to international decarbonization goals. [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Title” module_id=”policedepartment” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”680e9250-5983-47d2-b125-d1c0a97feb17″ text_text_color=”#007A94″ header_text_color=”#007A94″ custom_margin=”||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”]\n

Authors<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Author” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#36424A” header_text_color=”#36424A” custom_margin=”||||false|false” custom_padding=”||14px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”]\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Maricruz Fun Sang Cepeda<\/strong><\/span>
Associate Researcher<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Author” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#36424A” header_text_color=”#36424A” custom_margin=”||||false|false” custom_padding=”||14px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”]\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Ketan Gore<\/strong><\/span>
Associate Researcher<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider color=”#36424A” divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”-50px|||||” custom_padding=”23px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text admin_label=”Title” module_id=”policedepartment” _builder_version=”4.22.1″ _module_preset=”680e9250-5983-47d2-b125-d1c0a97feb17″ text_text_color=”#007A94″ header_text_color=”#007A94″ custom_margin=”-15px||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”]\n

Related Publications<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/theicct.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ID-81-\u2013-Fig00-scaled.jpg” title_text=”ID 81 \u2013 Fig00″ show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”|90px||||” border_width_all=”1px” border_color_all=”#737373″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.22.1″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”||71px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”]\n

COASTAL SHIPPING IN BRAZIL IN 2021<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Highlights the principal commodities transported through cabotage in Brazil and the entities involved in this sector to explore the potential to synchronize decarbonization efforts and facilitate achieving national net-zero emissions.<\/span><\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider color=”#36424A” divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”-50px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_code admin_label=”blog post meta shortcode” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”-30px||||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”||||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”||||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” global_module=”27472″ global_colors_info=”{}”]